The treaty of Hudaybiyyah also known as Sulah Hudaibiya was one of the events that took place during the initial stages of Islam.
It was a treaty between Madina, represented by Prophet Muhammad PBUH and Makkah, Quraish tribe on March 628 (as per Islamic date, Dhu Al Qudah 6th AH).
Muslims were in Ihram, which means there was no sign of arms or anything.
Prophet Muhammad PBUH with his fellow Muslims camped outside Makkah. Later, Prophet Muhammad PBUH met Makkan emissaries who restricted the pilgrims to enter Makkah. He peace be uoon him sent Hazrat Usman to talk to Quraish. He was taken as captive and rumor spread of his killing. The companions took a pledge under a tree, known as Bait e ridwan that they will die for the sake of Allah and Islam.
Later after long negotiations, both parties decided to resolve the matter without any war but with diplomacy. It was the time when the Treaty of Hudaybiah was founded. And it was Ali (RA) was the person who wrote it for Prophet Muhammad PBUH. and Prophet Muhammad PBUH signed the treaty himself.
Hazrat Umar, Hazrat Abu Bakr and other companions did not listen to the Prophet peace be upon him for the first time. The lived on the ayah; to listen and obey. He peace be upon him went to his wife, Umm Salmah who adviced him to slaughter the animal, shave his head and remove ihram himself and the companions will follow him. They all followed him. on their way back, Surah Fatah was revealed.
Conditions/Terms of the treaty of Hudaybiyyah
- There should be peace between the Muslims and the Quraish for a period of 10 years.
- The Muslims will return to Madinah without performing Umrah this year.
- The Muslims should be able to perform Umrah the next year with the stay of three days in Makkah.
- The Muslims will only be armed with Swords and those swords will be hidden underneath sheaths.
- The Muslims living in Makkah can stay in Makkah but if any Muslim wishes to come to Madinah, should not be stopped.
- If a person migrates to Madina, they can be returned. If a person migrates to Makkah, they can not be returned.
- Tribes of Arabia are free to take any side they want.
The Sacred months
Four of the twelve Hijri months are considered sacred: Rajab (7), and the three consecutive months of Dhū al-Qa’dah (11), Dhu al-Ḥijjah (12) and Muḥarram (1).
Surah Fatah
This is an amazing Surah with so many profound lessons to learn and implement.
We will be discussing following in Our Quran Halqah:
- We look with a lens which is entirely different from what Allah knows, and foresees. We may not know the wisdom behind things, Allah knows! story of Prophet Musa AS and khidr is a classic example of this. We may find the happenings to be worse when there is a hidden wisdom behind. Allah called this treaty a victory when the Muslims can not comprehend how it is a victory when every clause was against Muslims.
- Allah gives Sakeena to the hearts of the believers, as Muslims were raged and hurt, they could not comprehend and digest the treaty. Allah bless them tranquility, this is how Allah intervenes in our emotional state. When the heart is on fire, ask Allah to grant us sakeena.
- Believe in Allah and His messenger, respect him, help him and spend morning and evening in the remembrance of Allah.
- There is no excuse when the call for jihaad is made. The people who are sick and are physically challenged can exempt from the jihad.
- Allah knows what is in the hearts. HE identified the hypocrites and they were asked to not to be taken along and were denied the share in war booty too in the coming war.
- Allah gives forgiveness and punishment to whom HE wills.
- Allah is the owner of everything.
- Allah talked about the pledge they took known as Bait e Ridwaan. And how they pledge with Allah and on HIS hand.
- The effects of sujood are apparent on the face.
Lessons learnt from the incident
Article on the difference between hear and listen
https://nurturingimaan.com/415/
Learning objects:
Arabic words for tree, hand, tranquility, earth, sky,victory, heart,.
Explanation of Surah Fatah
Lessons learnt form the treaty- Wisdom against the odds
Treaty Hudaibiya details, clauses, and importance
Which battle followed this treaty, which battle was fought prior to this treaty. (Seerah of the Prophet peace be upon him)